Diet-induced iron deficiency in mice consistently induced thrombocytosis alongside anemia. Iron deficiency enhanced some aspects of platelet function, and ultimately increased thrombus size in both venous and arterial models of thrombosis. Iron administration reversed these changes, underscoring the direct relationship with iron deficiency.

The reported patient had an inherited thrombocytopenia due to a gain-of-function mutation in the proto-oncogene SRC. Thrombocytopenia derived from increased adhesion of megakaryocytes to extracellular matrix which caused impaired proplatelet formation and migration. The moderate thrombocytopenia observed at diagnosis evolved toward severe anemia and thrombocytopenia, with trilineage bone marrow dysplasia and significant fibrosis.