The effects of microdose recombinant human erythropoietin regimens in athletes

Abstract

This study appraised the veracity of claims that athletes can evade doping controls by injecting microdoses of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO), which rapidly disappear from the circulation. We confirmed that microdosing can reduce the window of detection to as little as 12-18 hours post-injection, suggesting that authorities must adopt appropriate counter measures.