@article{Maximilian Merz_Anna Jauch_Thomas Hielscher_Elias K. Mai_Anja Seckinger_Dirk Hose_Uta Bertsch_Kai Neben_Marc S. Raab_Hans Salwender_Igor W. Blau_Hans-Walter Lindemann_Ingo Schmidt-Wolf_Christof Scheid_Mathias Haenel_Katja Weisel_Hartmut Goldschmidt_Jens Hillengass_2017, place={Pavia, Italy}, title={Longitudinal fluorescence in situ hybridization reveals cytogenetic evolution in myeloma relapsing after autologous transplantation}, volume={102}, url={https://haematologica.org/article/view/8163}, DOI={10.3324/haematol.2017.168005}, abstractNote={To investigate cytogenetic evolution after upfront autologous stem cell transplantation for newly diagnosed myeloma we retrospectively analyzed fluorescence <em>in situ</em> hybridization results of 128 patients with paired bone marrow samples from the time of primary diagnosis and at relapse. High-risk cytogenetic abnormalities (deletion 17p and/or gain 1q21) occurred more frequently after relapse (odds ratio: 6.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.86–33.42; <em>P</em><0.001). No significant changes were observed for defined <em>IGH</em> translocations [t(4;14); t(11;14); t(14;16)] or hyperdiploid karyotypes between primary diagnosis and relapse. <em>IGH</em> translocations with unknown partners occurred more frequently at relapse. New deletion 17p and/or gain 1q21 were associated with cytogenetic heterogeneity, since some <em>de novo</em> lesions with different copy numbers were present only in subclones. No distinct baseline characteristics were associated with the occurrence of new high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities after progression. Patients who relapsed after novel agent-based induction therapy had an increased risk of developing high-risk aberrations (odds ratio 10.82; 95% confidence interval: 1.65–127.66; <em>P</em>=0.03) compared to those who were treated with conventional chemotherapy. Survival analysis revealed dismal outcomes regardless of whether high-risk aberrations were present at baseline (hazard ratio, 3.53; 95% confidence interval: 1.53–8.14; <em>P</em>=0.003) or developed at relapse only (hazard ratio, 3.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.09–8.59; <em>P</em&gt;=0.03). Our results demonstrate cytogenetic evolution towards high-risk disease after autologous transplantation and underline the importance of repeated genetic testing in relapsed myeloma (EudraCT number of the HD4 trial: 2004-000944-26).}, number={8}, journal={Haematologica}, author={Maximilian Merz and Anna Jauch and Thomas Hielscher and Elias K. Mai and Anja Seckinger and Dirk Hose and Uta Bertsch and Kai Neben and Marc S. Raab and Hans Salwender and Igor W. Blau and Hans-Walter Lindemann and Ingo Schmidt-Wolf and Christof Scheid and Mathias Haenel and Katja Weisel and Hartmut Goldschmidt and Jens Hillengass}, year={2017}, month={Jul.}, pages={1432-1438} }